Blogdope.com – Mengenal Parallel Structure: Pengertian, Rumus, dan Contohnya. Parallel structure merupakan bentuk pengembangan fungsi tenses dalam bahasa Inggris.
Banyak kalangan lebih mengenal Parallel Structure dengan istilah Parallelism. Fungsi utama dari Parallel Structure adalah untuk menghubungkan struktur atau konstruksi gramatikal yang sejenis.
Nah, pada tulisan kali ini admin BlogDope.com akan menjabarkan dengan detail tentang pengertian dan rumus Parallel Structure.
Simak selengkapnya ya.
Pengertian Parallel Structure, Rumus Kalimat dan Contoh yang Tepat
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Definisi Parallel Structure adalah struktur gramatikal yang menghubungkan antar elemen yang setara. Baik dari aspek bentuk maupun fungsionalitasnya.
Di samping itu, konstruksi yang dihubungkan melalui Parallel Structure haruslah memiliki fungsi yang sama dalam sebuah kalimat bahasa Inggris.
Kesamaan bentuk gramatikal dapat bermakna memiliki kesamaan elemen. Elemen-elemen tersebut dapat berupa Word, Phrase, maupun Clause.
Sementara itu, jika kita tilik dari aspek fungsionalitasnya maka elemen-elemen tersebut menempati posisi subjek, verb (kata kerja/predikat), pelengkap, objek, maupun adverb.
Untuk lebih jelasnya, silahkan simak contoh kalimat di bawah ini.
She likes swimming, hiking, and climbing
Pada contoh kalimat di atas, kata and menghubungkan kata kerja berakhiran -ing (V-ing) atau yang lebih kita kenal dengan istilah Gerund dengan fungsi sebagai objek kalimat. Pembahasan tentang apa itu Gerund dapat Anda simak pada artikel Kedudukan dan Fungsi Gerund dalam Kalimat Bahasa Inggris.
Selanjutnya perhatikan contoh berikut.
Students were asked to do their assignments quickly, accurately, and thoroughly.
Kata and pada contoh kalimat di atas menghubungkan kata keterangan (adverb) dengan fungsi sebagai Adverb.
Berikutnya perhatikan contoh kalimat di bawah ini.
Their work is not only very relevant but alson immensely detailed.
Bentuk frasa not only…but also menghubungkan frase berupa Adjective Phrase dengan fungsi pelengkap kalimat.
Dari ketiga contoh di atas, dapat kita simpulkan bahwa Parallel Structure menghubungkan elemen-elemen kalimat yang memiliki bentuk dan fungsi yang sama.
Rumus Kalimat dengan Parallel Structure
Penggunaan Parallel Structure dalam sebuah kalimat bahasa Inggris terikat pada aturan-aturan atau rumus yang berlaku.
Rumus Parallel Structure tergantung pada jenis konjungsi (Conjunction) yang digunakan.
Umumnya, pada bentuk Parallel Structure menggunakan dua buah bentuk konjungsi, yaitu: 1) Coordinate Conjunction, dan 2) Correlative Conjunction.
1. Rumus Parallel Structures dengan Coordinate Conjunction
Konjungsi berupa Coordinate Conjunction terdiri atas for, and, nor, but, or, yet, dan so. Untuk memudahkan kita mengingatnya, maka dapat kita singkat dengan istilah FANBOYS.
Di antara sekian banyak macam konjungsi Coordinate tersebut, konjungsi and dan or adalah konjungsi yang paling sering kita temui.
Untuk menyebut lebih dari dua buah elemen Parallel Structure, umumnya kita memberikan tanda baca koma (,) untuk memisahkan tiap elemennya.
Di bawah ini kita bahas penggunaan Parallel Structure untuk tiap elemen.
a. Word and Phrases
Contoh 1
Parallel : My son likes gardening, walking, and cycling.
My son likes to garden, to walk, and to cycle.
My son likes to garden, walk, dan cycle.
Not parallel: My son likes gardening, walk, and do cycling.
Contoh 2
Parallel: The Physics paper should be written quickly, accurately, and thoroughly.
The Physics paper should be written quick, accurate, and in a thorough manners.
Not parallel: The Physics should be written quickly, accurately, and in a thorough manner.
Contoh 3
Parallel: The teacher said that she was a poor student because he waited until the last minute to study for the exam, completed her lab problems in a careless manner, and lacked motivation.
Not parallel: The teacher said that she was a poor student because he waited until the last minute to study for the exam, completed her lab problems in a careless manner, and his motivation was low.
b. Clauses
Di bawah ini admin sajikan contoh penggunaan Parallel Structures pada elemen berupa Clauses.
Contoh 1
Parallel: The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and that they should do some warm-up exercises before the game.
The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, not eat too much, and do some warm-up exercises before the game.
Not parallel: The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and to do some warm-up exercises before the game.
Contoh 2
Mrs. Veronica expected that she would present her ideas at the meeting, that there would be time for her to show her slide presentation, and that his partners would agree with her.
Not parallel: Mrs. Veronica expected that she would present her ideas at the meeting, that there would be time for her to show her slide presentation, and that she would be agreed by her partners.
Contoh 3
Parallel: The salesman expected that he would present his product at the meeting, that he would have time to show his slide presentation, and that prospective buyers would ask him questions.
Not parallel: The salesman expected that he would present his product at the meeting, that he would have time to show his slide presentation, and that questions would be asked by prospective buyers.
2. Rumus Parallel Structures dengan Correlative Conjunction
Correlative Conjunction merupakan bentuk konjungsi yang saling berpasangan dalam penggunaannya pada kalimat.
Adapun contoh Correlative Conjunction misalnya: bot…and…, not only…but also, either…or…, dan neither…nor…
Kesemua bentuk konjungsi korelatif (Correlative Conjunction) mewajibkan struktur paralel.
Penempatan jenis konjungsi korelatif ini dapat kita lakukan di manapun dalam kalimat. Baik sebagai subjek, predikat, pelengkap, objek, maupun adverb. Berikut penjelasan lengkapnya.
a. Konjungsi sebagai Subjek Kalimat (Subject of Sentence)
Pola kalimat lengkapnya sebagai berikut.
Both + Subject + and + Subject + Verb plural (kata kerja bentuk jamak)
Not only + Subject + but also + Subject + Verb plural (kata kerja bentuk jamak) / Verb singular (kata kerja bentuk tunggal)
Catatan:
Pemakaian kata kerja bentuk jamak (Plural) maupun tunggal (Singular) tergabung pada Subjek di belakang kalimat.
Bentuk neither…nor… digunakan pada kalimat negatif.
Contoh 1
Kalimat 1 : Vero is in the library.
Kalimat 2 : Fanny is in the library.
Parallel Structures :
Both Vero and Fanny are in the library.
Not only Vero but also Fanny is in the library.
Either Vero or Fanny is in the library.
Contoh 2
Kalimat 1 : Vero is not in the library.
Kalimat 2 : Fanny is not in the library.
Parallel Structures: Neither Vero nor Fanny is in the library.
b. Konjungsi sebagai Verb
Pola kalimat Parallel Structures dengan konjungsi menempati posisi Verb adalah:
Subject + Both + Verb + and + Verb + Not only..but also… / Either or..Neither..nor
Contoh 1
Kalimat 1: Veronica is reading a novel.
Kalimat 2: Veronica is listening to music.
Parallel Structures: Veronica is both reading a novel and listening to music.
Veronica is not only reading a novel but also listening to music.
Veronica is either reading a novel or listening to music.
Contoh 2
Kalimat 1: Veronica is not reading a novel.
Kalimat 2: Veronica is not listening to music.
Parallel Structures: Veronica is neither reading a novel nor listening to music.
c. Konjungsi sebagai Objek Kalimat
Jika konjungsi menempati kedudukan sebagai objek kalimat, maka rumusnya adalah sebagai berikut.
Subject + Verb + Both + Object + And + Object + Not only…but also / Either..or / Neither…nor…
Contoh 1
Kalimat 1: The student speaks Spanish.
Kalimat 2 : The student speaks English.
Parallel Structures: The student speaks both Spanish and English.
The student speaks not only Spanish but also English.
The student speaks either Spanish or English.
Contoh 2
Kalimat 1: The student doesn’t speak Spanish.
Kalimat 2: The student doesn’t speak English.
Parallel Structures: The student speaks neither Spanish nor English.
d. Konjungsi sebagai Pelengkap Kalimat (Complement)
Rumus kalimat Parallel Structure dengan konjungsi sebagai pelengkap kalimat sebagai berikut.
Subject + Verb + Both + Complement + and + Complement
Contoh 1
Kalimat 1: She is beautiful.
Kalimat 2: She is intelligent.
Parallel Structures: She is both beautiful and intelligent.
She is not only beautiful but also intelligent.
She is either beautiful or intelligent.
Contoh 2
Kalimat 1: She is not beautiful.
Kalimat 2: She is not intelligent.
Parallel Structures: She is neither beautiful nor intelligent.
e. Konjungsi sebagai Adverb
Rumus Parallel Structure dengan konjungsi berkedudukan sebagai Adverb adalah berikut ini.
Subject + Verb + (Object) + Both Adverb and Adverb Subject + Verb + (Object) + Not only Adverb also Adverb Subject + Verb + (Object) + Either Adverb or Adverb Subject + Verb + (Object) + Neither Adverb nor Adverb
Sekarang perhatikan contoh kalimat di bawah ini.
Contoh 1
Kalimat 1 : She worked quickly.
Kalimat 2 : She worked accurately.
Parallel Structures: She worked both quickly and accurately.
She worked not only quickly but alson accurately.
She worked either quickly or accurately.
Contoh 2
Kalimat 1: She didn’t work quickly.
Kalimat 2: She didn’t work accurately.
Parallel Structures: She worked neither quickly nor accurately.
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Nah, demikianlah sajian paparan detail tentang pengertian dan rumus parallel structure bahasa Inggris yang dapat admin sajikan pada kesempatan kali ini.
Semoga artikel mengenai parallel structure dalam bahasa Inggris di atas dapat menambah luas pengetahuan dan wawasan Anda.
Terima kasih sudah berkenan berkunjung ke BlogDope.com. Semoga bermanfaat.